Psychological Testing has become rampant across industries, more so in the case of Information Technology, BPOs and ITES companies. These tests are used to 'throw up' personality profiles and competency descriptions that would help companies recruit the 'right' candidate. The Human Resources department in most organizations is responsible for the administering of Psychometric tests.
The International body that sets guidelines for testing is the International Test Commission ( ITC ) which stipulates guidelines for adaptation and usage of tests. ITC has issued guidelines to cover the following ?
Professional and ethical standards in testing
Rights of the test candidate and other parties involved in the testing process
Choice and evaluation of alternative tests
Test administration, scoring and interpretation
Report writing and feedback.
ITC has defined competence in test usage as, " A Competent test user will use tests appropriately, professionally and in an ethical manner, paying due regard to the needs and rights of those involved in the testing process, the reasons for testing, and the broader context in which the testing takes place."
There are many reasons why a test can be fallible ?
1. Inappropriate usage of Tests
The norms for which the tests have been designed have to be considered carefully. They cannot be administered to a population that is different from the norm population ( Norm Population for example could be, adolescents, Senior Executives; norms could be based on age, occupation, gender, economic status etc. ). That is, a test designed for adolescents cannot be administered on Senior Executives and vice versa because the results of such administration would be faulty.
2. Culture Fair Testing
Another common flaw is in the usage of tests which are not culture fair. Many psychological tests have been designed for the western population and can be used appropriately only in that culture. Unfortunately many of these tests are used on the Indian population giving rise to faulty conclusions.
3. Design of Test
The psychological test can only be designed by professionals qualified in psychometrics. Many a time lay people design tests using the help of information accessed through the internet or sometimes even from their own common sense. Such tests are not valid.
4. Validation of tests
Every test that has been designed has to be validated. The process of validation would involve administering the test on a large population over a period of time before it is certified as 'ready for use'. This cannot be done from tests that are fabricated overnight.
5. Downloaded Tests
Often tests are downloaded from the Internet and are used for purposes other than for which they have been designed. For example, a personality test being used to test the Emotional Intelligence or Team Skills of a person.
6. Wrong Customization
Sometimes the items of a test are changed to suit the user. In such instances the test cannot give valid results. For example an item ( a question / statement in the test ) would state ? " Do you usually date on weekends ?" , could be changed to " Do you socialize on weekends? " to fit the Indian scenario. The results of the test with such changed 'items'will not be not valid.
7. Test Administration
The test administration should be systematically standardized, i.e., the test should be administered under exactly the same conditions to all users. This means that the actual test environment, the instructions, the timing and the materials are the same on every test occasion. Before administering the test the user must consider the following guidelines ?
? What is the purpose of testing?
? What outcomes will be achieved through testing?
? Why are these specific tests being used?
? Why are these tests relevant to the outcomes being sought?
? What evidence is there that these tests are appropriate for the people who are to be assessed?
8. Confidentiality of Test Results
All results of tests must be maintained by the administrator in strict confidence. Revealing the results could lead to unfair discrimination in the workplace. This happens when a test used for selection is disadvantageous to certain 'groups' within the organization. In the US, the use of IQ tests in employee selection has been prohibited. This was due to the lack of confidentiality maintained by the administrators which resulted in employees being unfairly discriminated. At present any psychometric test has to be administered with utmost care and after the requisite permissions is obtained.
To ensure confidentiality, the following guidelines should be considered:
1. Ensure that test materials are kept securely
2. Ensure secure storage of and control access to test materials.
3. Respect copyright law and agreements that exist with respect to a test including any prohibitions on the copying or transmission of materials in electronic or other forms to other people, whether qualified or otherwise.
4. Protect the integrity of the test by not coaching individuals on actual test materials or other practice materials that might unfairly influence their test performance.
5. Ensure that test techniques are not described publicly in such a way that their usefulness is impaired.
9. Competence of Test Administrator and Interpreter
The personnel administering the tests have to be strict in following the instructions stipulated by the test designers. The interpretations too have to be done by qualified personnel who are psychologists.
10. Limitation of tests
The tests are 'limited' for the purposes for which they have been designed. For a holistic assessment of an individual, it is required that the test results are supplemented by information from interviews and group discussions. In addition the test results are not valid after eighteen months of its administration.
11. Test Copyrights
It is an offence to copy tests that have been copyrighted. They can only be used after the necessary permission is obtained from the designers. Otherwise this illegal copying may lead to lack of standardization in Test conditions and poor control of materials.
12. Test feedback
Often times the guidelines for feedback are not followed by the Users. The British Psychological Society has set out the following guidelines for written and oral feedback:
? Ensure that the technical and linguistic levels of any reports are appropriate for the level of understanding of the recipients.
? Make clear that the test data represent just one source of information and should always be considered in conjunction with other information.
? Explain how the importance of the test results should be weighted in relation to other information about the people being assessed.
? Use a form and structure for a report that is appropriate to the context of the assessment.
? When appropriate, provide third parties with information on how results may be used to inform their decisions.
? Explain and support the use of test results used to classify people into categories (e.g. for diagnostic purposes or for job selection).
? Include within written reports a clear summary, and when relevant, specific recommendations.
? Present oral feedback to test takers in a constructive and supportive manner.
Ask yourself this question: "Do I like what I do... Read More
Dealing with tough questions and objections is an essential part... Read More
Today, I'm going to share with you the awful truth... Read More
Mention "outsourcing" to a programmer and you may as well... Read More
You say you want a new career, you say you... Read More
Getting along with your co-workers is critical to yourhappiness and... Read More
Resume Writing doesn't have to be a solo gigResume writing... Read More
A resume is a tool. It allows employers to see... Read More
Targeting your portfolio, (resume and cover letter) can get you... Read More
The first point to make is that the terms "CV"... Read More
The pre-hiring process can be a challenge. Much time and... Read More
Here's a newsflash: Cover letters work, plain and simple. This... Read More
You're pretty comfortable using the phone. It's something you do... Read More
Here are the sobering facts: studies show that almost 70%... Read More
Deciding to leave a job isn't easy. In fact, quitting... Read More
1. You dread getting out of bed and going to... Read More
When you go in for a job interview, you're not... Read More
The right certification trainingTrainings vary a lot when it comes... Read More
Being a reflexologist is one of the top five career... Read More
HOW TO WRITE A RESUME-MISTAKE #1NEVER USE THE WRONG PAPER!... Read More
Meaningful work honors the deepest part of your being. It... Read More
Recently I was asked to touch up a friend's resume.... Read More
Don't just sit there and bob your head, waiting to... Read More
There are many free job search resources available in any... Read More
The following eight tips will help make sure that recover... Read More
You've got the itch to change jobs. This might be... Read More
There are lots of free resume examples (or free resume... Read More
Are you in this situation? You and your boss just... Read More
Most of us were brought up to study hard, get... Read More
The job search secret that is so powerful it will... Read More
Whether you are looking for a job, new clients or... Read More
Are you miserable at your job (or what you are... Read More
Learning how to type a resume may feel like a... Read More
Whether you have a business idea or not, here's what... Read More
When all is not well with work, what do you... Read More
What is contract programming, you ask? Well, when companies need... Read More
Whether you are a person who is thinking about becoming... Read More
"WOW! I can work from home and make money? I... Read More
We need more people to choose nursing as a career.... Read More
Legging Up Your CompetitionLet's face it. When you graduate from... Read More
Many well qualified and extremely able candidates fail at job... Read More
1: Keep It ShortConsidering that initially HR personnel only spend... Read More
Those who watched HBO's Sex and the City (SATC, now... Read More
These days, interviews don't come easily. When you get The... Read More
If you are thinking of breaking into the petite modeling... Read More
Mobile oil change and mobile lubes are great for fleet... Read More
The right certification trainingTrainings vary a lot when it comes... Read More
Think you have gone as far as you can in... Read More
For the person crafting their first résumé the task can... Read More
I am going to give you a breakdown of my... Read More
Research suggests that as many as 8 out of 10... Read More
Interviewing for a new job, or a promotion, can be... Read More
It hangs from the ceiling above your bed while you... Read More
Are you a career changer? Or, are you satisfied with... Read More
How many times have you been asked, "What is your... Read More
That's not you? Great! Bad habits are hard to break... Read More
About four years ago a friend told me one night... Read More
Today we hear much talk of the 'global village'. People... Read More
During a job interview, a potential employer asks, "Can you... Read More
After establishing a trusting relationship with the safety officer, it... Read More
In today's economy, job seekers need an edge beyond their... Read More
It isn't the end of the world, even if it... Read More
The pre-hiring process can be a challenge. Much time and... Read More
Have you made the right choice? Before deciding to resign... Read More
I spend a bit of time on airplanes. So, I... Read More
The mortgage industry accounted for $1,815,949,279,000 in loan transactions in... Read More
Careers, Jobs & Employment |